| U.S. Brand Names |
| Vasodilan® |
 |
| Generic Available |
|
Yes |
|
| Synonyms |
| Isoxsuprine Hydrochloride |
|
| Pharmacological Index |
|
Vasodilator |
|
| Use |
|
Treatment of peripheral vascular diseases, such as arteriosclerosis obliterans and Raynaud's disease |
|
| Pregnancy Risk Factor |
|
C |
|
| Contraindications |
|
Presence of arterial bleeding; do not administer immediately postpartum |
|
| Adverse Reactions |
|
1% to 10%: Gastrointestinal: Nausea, vomiting |
|
| Drug Interactions |
|
May enhance effects of other vasodilators/hypotensive agents; use with caution in elderly |
|
| Mechanism of Action |
|
In studies on normal human subjects, isoxsuprine increases muscle blood flow, but skin blood flow is usually unaffected. Rather than increasing muscle blood flow by beta-receptor stimulation, isoxsuprine probably has a direct action on vascular smooth muscle. The generally accepted mechanism of action of isoxsuprine on the uterus is beta-adrenergic stimulation. Isoxsuprine was shown to inhibit prostaglandin synthetase at high serum concentrations, with low concentrations there was an increase in the P-G synthesis. |
|
| Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
|
Absorption: Nearly complete Serum half-life, serum: 1.25 hours mean Time to peak serum concentration: Oral, I.M.: Within 1 hour |
|
| Usual Dosage |
|
Adults: 10-20 mg 3-4 times/day; start with lower dose in elderly due to potential hypotension |
|
| Mental Health: Effects on Mental Status |
|
None reported |
|
| Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric Treatment |
|
None reported |
|
| Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions |
|
No information available to require special precautions |
|
| Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment |
|
No effects or complications reported |
|
| Patient Information |
|
May cause skin rash; discontinue use if rash occurs; arise slowly from prolonged sitting or lying position |
|
| Nursing Implications |
|
May cause skin rash; discontinue use if rash occurs; arise slowly from prolonged sitting or lying position |
|
| Dosage Forms |
|
Tablet, as hydrochloride: 10 mg, 20 mg |
|
| References |
|
Erwin WG, "Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer Type," Clin Pharm, 1984, 3:497-504. Waters C, "Cognitive Enhancing Agents: Current Status in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease," Can J Neurol Sci, 1988, 15:249-56. Yesavage JA, Tinklenberg JR, Hollister LE, et al, "Vasodilators in Senile Dementias: A Review of the Literature," Arch Gen Psychiatry, 1979, 36:220-3. |
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